{"id":341,"date":"2021-05-17T10:02:43","date_gmt":"2021-05-17T08:02:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/2dchem.org\/?p=341"},"modified":"2021-05-17T10:04:19","modified_gmt":"2021-05-17T08:04:19","slug":"special-issue-on-single-atom-catalysts-with-dual-catrin-participation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/2dchem.org\/index.php\/2021\/05\/17\/special-issue-on-single-atom-catalysts-with-dual-catrin-participation\/","title":{"rendered":"Special issue on single-atom catalysts with dual CATRIN participation"},"content":{"rendered":"[vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column_text]Even two articles by authors from the Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN) were published in the latest issue of\u00a0Advanced Materials Interfaces<\/em>. In addition, an illustration by Martin Pykal from CATRIN\u00a0adorns the cover<\/a>\u00a0of the special edition focused on single-atomic catalysis.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Graphene derivatives serve as a suitable platform for anchoring individual metal atoms, which can be used as stable and efficient so-called single-atom catalysts (SACs). A prerequisite for their stable function is the formation of a strong bond between the metal atoms and the carbon substrate, thus preventing the metal atoms from clustering into larger particles and the associated reduction in the material\u2019s\u00a0catalytic activity. Computational chemists, who can predict both the stability and reactivity of these catalysts, assisted in helping to design the SACs.<\/p>\n

In an article entitled\u00a0Anchoring of Transition Metals to Graphene Derivatives as an Efficient Approach for Designing Single\u2010Atom Catalysts<\/a>\u00a0computational chemists from CATRIN focused on the bond strength between the graphene derivatives and three groups of transition metals, namely the iron triad, light platinum metals and coin metals.<\/p>\n

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\u201cWe found that the bond strength between these metals and the graphene derivatives was closely related to the transfer of charge between them. Graphene acts as a kind of reservoir of electrons that can move into unoccupied, lower-energy-level orbitals of metal atoms or, on the other hand, move from those orbitals to graphene. The amount of charge transferred in this way depends on the specific metal and its oxidation state. Unoccupied orbitals of metals with a higher oxidation state are in lower energy levels than those of metals with a lower oxidation state; therefore, more charge can be transferred to their orbitals and their bond with the substrate is more solid,\u201d explained the first author of the paper, Dagmar Zaoralov\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Simply, the process can be imagined as connected vessels: electrons travel from the \u03c0-conjugated bonds of graphene to the metal\u2019s\u00a0orbitals, or vice versa, until the level (energy of the highest occupied orbitals of substrates and metals) equals. In this way, for most metals, bonding to graphene derivatives changes the oxidation number to a particular value, regardless of the metal\u2019s\u00a0original oxidation number.<\/p>\n

\u201cThis metal-substrate communication could be very interesting for application of these materials as catalysts, but also for other electrochemical and spintronic applications, for example,\u201d added Zaoralova.<\/p>\n

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Scientists from CATRIN, along with colleagues from abroad, participated in the paper entitled\u00a0The Hallmarks of Copper Single Atom Catalysts in Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells and Electrochemical CO2 Fixation<\/a>,\u00a0in which they designed a SAC using copper atoms.<\/p>\n

A single-atom catalyst consisting of copper covalently bound to cyanographene offers an effective acceleration of, for example, electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide. \u201cThis is a significant reaction allowing the conversion of a greenhouse gas by electricity into a useful chemical that can be stored for long periods and used later, for example, as fuel. Research conducted in this area fits into our long-term strategy of pursuing sustainable and carbon-neutral energy,\u201d said Michal Otyepka.<\/p>\n

The possibility of firmly anchoring individual metal atoms on a graphene skeleton and subsequent use in catalysis was, until recently, a sheer illusion for scientists. But scientists at CATRIN have found a universal way to anchor individual atoms onto graphene and use them for catalysis. They were able to combine the benefits of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis and, in turn, suppress some of their weaknesses. They first published this technology in 2019 in the journal\u00a0Advanced Materials<\/em>\u00a0(Bakandritsos A. et al., Advanced Materials 2019, 31, 1900323).[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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